/3/ — Making planet maps

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Maybe the wrong place for this, but I think it fits the topic.

I want to know how to create unique planet maps with custom terrain types (like salt flat plains, basalt dunes, ice caps etc.). I want mountainous erosion, glaciers, stuff like that, and natural looking landforms that don't just look like perlin noise. The map must have a heightmap and a colourmap, and height shouldn't strictly be tied to landforms like SpaceEngine does. For this specific project I'll also need shield volcanoes and equatorial ice caps (it's a tidally locked world). Can anyone point me in the right direction like what software/toolkits I need? And also, is it possible to make highly customised cloud maps for my world, like subsolar vortexes, wispy terminator clouds etc.? The maps must be either equirectangular or cubemap projection.